The Component Sharing Model

The model that has evolved from Orangi is the component sharing concept of development with people and government as partners. The illustration is, there are two levels of a modern sanitation system:

Internal development comprising of:

- Inside the house - sanitary latrine,

- In the lane - underground sewerage line and

- Secondary or collector sewerage.

These constitute 70 per cent of the total system. People have shown that this level can be self-financed, managed and maintained.

External development which constitutes:

-Trunk sewer/natural nala development

-Treatment plant.

This remains like the water mains the responsibility of the government.

The model of low cost sanitation in Orangi is being replicated by NGOs/CBOs, Official agencies- the City District Govt., Karachi (CDGK), and by the many Towns/Union Councils where OPP-RTI and partners are providing support.Earlier thru the advocacy of the Punjab Katchi Abadi and Urban Improvement Directorate (PKAUI), the Govt-ADB financed Southern Punjab Basic Urban Services Project (SPBUS) adopted the model for 21 towns and one city ( Bahawalpur). Since 2005 implementation of external sanitation is ongoing, completed in 11 towns and still nearing completion in the remaining. Partner Hamet is supporting internal development in Bahawalpur and 6 towns, in more towns there is training and mobilization. Partner Muawin has initiated support for expansion of work in one town in central Punjab. The National Sanitation Policy, prepared by the Govt.in 2006, includes the model for adoption. In Nov’2006 the Karachi Water and Sewerage Board (KWSB) adopted the OPP-RTI proposal for sewage disposal and drainage for Karachi, as its S-III plan (costing Rs.9 billion). With KWSB consultants finalizing the detail designs prequalification of contractors was completed, work is scheduled to begin on site within the current budget year. CDGK continues to fund and implement the OPP-RTI designed nala development (box drain) projects for the city, as well as other similarly designed projects all over the city. For 133 goths in Karachi, total 18 sewerage/drainage projects are at various stages of design and implementation.

Advisory Support

On request advisory support is being provided to the CDGK for external development all over Karachi. Developments in the KWSB’s S-III plan are being monitored. Partners LPP in Lodhran, ASB in Faisalabad, CDSO in Uch Sharif, AHKMT in Rawalpindi, OPE in Gujranwala, Muawin in Lahore, Hamet in Bahawalpur, Race in Jalalpur Pirwala/Kehror Pucca, Ufaq in Khairpur Tamewali, Shed in Yazman, SWDSO and RADO in Sanghar, Baghwan in Batagram - Mansehra are providing advisory support to govt. agencies and to the members of Towns and UCs facilitating expansion of work in their city/town as well as in the nearby towns and villages.

Support to NGOs/CBOs

Effort is being made to strengthen partner NGOs/CBOs so that they can function as support organisations. Three aspects are focused 1) social and technical skills 2) the organizational setup and 3) the financial system. Water Aid provides grants for core fund support to four partner NGOs/CBOs to extend the sanitation program. Misereor has provided a grant to support more NGOs/CBOs to initiate/strengthen the sanitation and credit programs. ACHR has lately provided a grant for core fund support for four partners. In addition to supporting community groups, CBOs and NGOs in Karachi, support is extended, as needed, to partners mostly in Punjab/Sindh provinces and to one partner in the Khyber PakhtoonKhwa province. Details are given below as well as in the partners progress reports regularly compiled by each.

Working with NGOs/CBOs and Government outside Karachi

Anjuman Samaji Behbood (ASB) - Faisalabad:

Sanitation and water supply Program: Statistics of work on low cost sanitation is in section 1.8.1 with reference to ‘ Faisalabad’. Some details of work were provided till the 121 QPR. ASB’s present focus is:

Advocacy, mobilization and guidance: ASB coordinator a s a member of the Punjab Chief Ministers committee on sanitation, is advocating the model and the process of mapping, while also regularly presenting the work at various meetings, forums and workshops. ASB’s support continues for the Punjab Urban Unit’s (PUU) demonstration project of “Changa Pani (CP)”, in UC-60, Lahore (s ome statistics were provided earlier). There is effort by ASB to extend the CP project to other cities, work is in progress in Faisalabad

Contact

Nazir Ahmed Wattoo,

Akhter Hameed Khan Memorial Trust (AHKMT) – Rawalpindi

As per AHKMT report since Sept’ 2001, total 173 lane sewers (one this period Jul'11 to Sep'11) 6 secondary sewers and a box trunk, of total length 45,098 rft.were completed, comprising of 2,002 houses. People’s investment in sanitary latrines, lane and secondary sewers has been Rs. 9,110,274. Total 108 lanes with sewers were earlier paved by TMA. Effort continues by AHKMT to coordinate with the govt., the construction of external development projects. Several main sewers have likewise been laid. This period in a meeting with representatives of the line departments, the model of work was presented. Earlier AHKMT mobilized the PHED for the project for external development for Chak Jalaldin, lobbying for implementation continues. Mapping and documentation of the existing infrastructure of total 24 UCs was completed, of UC-74 and 85 completed this period , while work on two more UC’s is in progress. Requested by the Punjab Urban Unit, mapping/documentation of 36 UCs of Potohar town is in progress.

Contact

Ms.Sumaira Gul

Adress - ZA-256,street27,Mazharabad,Rawalpindi, Phone-051-5466444, Mobile-0333-5153501, Email:ahkmt2000@yahoo.com

Lodhran Pilot Project (LPP) - Lodhran

In 1999 LPP began work in Lodhran, a town in Southern Punjab with a population of about 1,00,000 (approx. 10,000 houses). Earlier LPP mapped and documented the sewage disposal system and prepared the town master plan. Documentation showed that there were total 1,060 lanes, in more then 50% lanes sewers existed, mostly laid by PHED. Many proposed projects for main sewers were completed by the Municipality. As needed, desilting of main sewers continues with LPP guidance.

Since April 2000, total 175 lane sewers, 28,857 rft. were completed in Lodhran. Total 1,469 houses invested Rs 3,346,380 on lane sewers and sanitary latrines. Govt. has complimented by laying total 16,653 rft. main sewers costing Rs. 3.34 million, repairing faulty disposals and paving many lanes.

LPP has extended the program to the adjacent towns and villages , the focus is now more on villages: For external development, besides govt. funds, a World Bank grant for 100 villages was earlier mobilized by LPP, internal development to be financed by the community. Work was completed in total 84 villages. For 8 more villages (1,918 houses) LPP mobilized finances, from another source for external development, as per LPP report by Dec’10 work on site was completed. For more villages there is mobilization for ext. development.

LPP support to Khanpur City, work also extends to adjoining villages: Khanpur is located about 200 km. from Lodhran and has a population of about 1,50,000. Since Feb’02 LPP has been assisting TMA engineers in desilting the existing main sewers and identifying and supervising the construction of new ones while also providing support to communities for internal development.

Training groups and visitors frequent LPP. They get an opportunity to observe the dynamics of peoples work, enabling its expansion and replication.

Contact

Barkat Riaz

Address-Railway Road near Tehsil Council Lodhran,Phone-0608602213, Mobile-0301-7725632,Email:lpp_lodhran@hotmail.com

The Community Development Support Program (CDSP) - Uch Sharif

The town has a population of about 75,000. The sanitation program was initiated by NGO Conservation and Rehabilitation Centre (CRC) in 1999. Earlier mapping and documentation of the city, showed total 725 lanes, with mostly shallow open drains, where frequently sewage overflowed due to lack of or inadequate disposal. With assistance a conceptual Master Plan for sewage disposal was prepared for Uch city and presented to the Govt. By 2002 the 3 proposed projects for main sewers (estimated at Rs. 1.18 million) were completed by the govt. Earlier CRC and now CDSP continues to guide and supervise the external development projects as well as road construction and lane paving, so that sewers are laid before hand. Total 40,800 rft main sewers laid by the govt. have been supervised (1,800 rft. this period ), while desilting, replacement/repair of existing main sewers is regularly advocated and their implementation is monitored.

Since April’11 the organizational setup has changed, the program coordinator is independently extending the program as the Community Development Support Program (CDSP). Small core fund support has been initiated. Four new settlements, coming up, in the periphery of the city are being focused. This period for 3 settlements (Uch Moghla, Basti Arain and Basti Major NH ), plans for main sewers were provided to the govt. There is followup advocacy for implementation.

Total work of internal sanitation completed is 285 lane sewers (7 this period ) 43,866 rft. and 14 secondary sewers 3,496 rft. comprising of 2,396 houses, with people investing total Rs. 8,210,214. For more lane sewers mobilization is in progress. In 2 areas there is community mobilization for EM-Sewage Treatment Units. Govt. officials and community activists are in regular contact. Earlier communities in the nearby towns of Ahmedpur East and Alipur, were also mobilized, here work was completed on total 60 lane sewers and 4 govt. laid trunk sewers. This period work on a PHED trunk sewer is being monitored.

This period on site visit was made by OPP-RTI member, organizational strengthening was guided.

Contact

Tahir Maqbool

Address-Nawazabad Colony,Uch Shareef,District.Bahawalpur Phone:062-551087,Mobile-0300-6851658

Punjab Katchi Abadi and Urban Improvement Directorate (PKAUI) and partner NGO/CBOs.

PKAUI - Lahore and SPBUS in 21 towns.

In Nov’02 Governor of Punjab issued a directive supporting PKAUI’s efforts for expansion of the component sharing model of low cost sanitation. PKAUI consequently allocated funds for external development and also successfully mobilized the Govt-ADB financed project of SPBUS for 21 towns. Partner Muawin provided the important backup support. Since 2005 construction of external sanitation in 11 towns was completed, in the remaining it is still nearing completion. Partner Hamet is supporting the related internal developments in Bahawalpur city and 6 towns

Muawin – Lahore, other towns and partners

Supported by PKAUI, by Sept’02 NGO Muawin initiated work in Lahore. Core fund support from WaterAid continues. PKAUI initially assisted in liaising with govt. agencies and promoting the model of component sharing. Muawin is now an important advocacy, training and demonstration support organization.

Sewerage Construction in Lahore: Supported by Muawin in Khan, Pirzada, Railway colony, Khuda Ki Basti (KKB), Kala station, Pathi ground, Color colony, Shadewal, Jarar garden, Chaudhary Park, Faisal colony, Baowala, and Mirzapur total 90 lane sewers (one this period ), 18,432 rft. and 20 secondary sewers 6,167 rft. were laid. 1,066 houses invested Rs. 5,210,983/-.

Focus is to consolidate work in Lahore: Community mobilization for internal development, documentation/mapping and strengthening of the technical team is being focused. This period requests for technical support were received from communities in Feroz Park, Youhanabad and Mominpura, likewise surveys and support are in progress. Mobilization of EM-STU in rural settlement around Lahore is also in progress. Meanwhile contacts and meetings with govt. officials continues for expansion of work.

Students from various educational institutions of Lahore regularly visit, a number of them also work as interns undertaking mapping, documentation and case studies. Muawin’s working together with partner Punjab Urban Resource Centre (PUR C) is mutually strengthening. PURC’s forums on city issues are enabling the coming together of groups, including community activists.

Muawin’s Support for other towns continues : In Naushehra Verkan work is in progress. NGO Sahil is being guided to support community. Total 33 lane sewers 4,981 rft.were laid on self help (19 this period , 307 houses contributed Rs. 1.326 million for latrines and lane sewers. For more lanes there is mobilization and provision of plans and estimates. Earlier TMA was mobilized to invest Rs. 4.4 million for external development in Tatle-alli town, advocacy continues. This period Muawin and OPP-RTI members jointly visited site, work was reviewed and the potential for future expansion was observed. Lately Sahil team received orientation at OPP-RTI.

Local NGO Society for Education and Development (SED) has initiated the sanitation program in Mandi Faizabad. Guided by Muawin, last period work on 2 lane sewers were completed, for further work effort continues.

Flood relief and rehabilitation: After the floods of July’10 in addition to mobilizing support from individuals for flood relief, Muawin provided hygiene kits to the flood affected families in Jampur. It has also undertaken the rehabilitation work of provision of sewage disposal system in 10 villages supported by WaterAid. For more villages support is planned.

Contact

Hafiz Rashid Mahmood

Address 88-E Sardar street,Allama Iqbal Road Garhi Shahu,Lahore, Phone-042-8405528,Mobile,03008463286, Email:muawin@yahoo.com

Organisation Pan Environment (OPE) – Gujranwala

OPE’s community mobilization and support for internal development continues, for external sanitation there is coordination with govt. Since April’2011 OPE’s setup has been reorganized. Small core fund support was initiated this period. Lately the team visited OPP-RTI work was reviewed and guided.

Total work completed in the city has been 297 lane sewers, 75,973 rft. and 39 secondary sewers 17,710 rft. comprising of total 5,767 houses. Peoples investment in latrines, lane and secondary sewers has been Rs. 19.275 million. 194 lanes - 3 this period and 19 secondary sewers were supported by OPE.The remaining were earlier supported by NGO AWF and the UNDP-Plus program.

Contact

Mehr Islam

Address:30,Foot Bazaar Street-7,C/Block,post office,Climaxabad, Shaheenabad Phone-055-3732270, Mobile-0332-8151975, Email:ope_66@hotmail.com

Hafeez Arain Memorial Empowerment Trust (HAMET) – Bahawalpur and its partners in Khairpur Tamewali, Jalalpur Pirwala/Kehror Pucca, Yazman and Vehari.

Bahawalpur :

Active members setup an NGO “Hamet” and ogranised work around March’08. Core fund support was earlier mobilized thru OPP-RTI, since Jan’11 the Asian Coalition for Housing Rights has initiated direct core fund support. In the Govt.-ADB Southern Punjab Basic Urban Services (SPBUS) program for 21 towns (including Bahawalpur city) where the component sharing model has been adopted by the govt. city was mapped, trunk sewers and disposals were documented. Lane sewers are being laid on self help. Hamet is undertaking work in Bahawalpur City as well as guiding partners working in 6 towns. In Bahawalpur work on lane sewers is in progress in Tibba Badar Sher, Islam Colony, Abbasia town, Dilawar Colony, Mushtaq, Anwer colony and Gharibabad. Since June’08 total 125 lane sewers have been laid on self help (12 laid this period,41 were technically supported by Hamet some others were mobilized. Total 731 houses have invested Rs. 2,628,698/- on lane sewers and latrines. In more lanes there is money collection and community mobilization. Updated maps with documentation of the sewerage/drainage systems are regularly prepared. This period map of new Islami colony was completed. In Sama Satta maps of three areas i.e Green town, Qanqah Sharif and Dera Bakha, were completed. Documentation of existing sewage disposal system and community mobilization is in progress. There is coordination with the Town Municipal Administration (TMA) for the laying of main sewers, and its documentation on maps, guidance is also provided to the TMAs for rehabilitation of the main sewers. This period a main sewer (2,190 rft.) and disposal unit costing Rs. 2.043 million was laid by the TMA in Lal Sohenra, guided by Hamet. Coordination with the TMA for dewatering a big sewage pond in UC-19 Samasata continues.

Hamet’s training and guidance support to partner organizations for expansion of work in Southern Punjab continues. Hamet’s partners work is detailed below.

Hamet’s role in guiding/training the TMA officials, community activists, CBOs and NGOs in the city as well as in the nearby towns for expansion of the component sharing model is important. OPP-RTI’s backup support continues. The process is to build up the capacity of Hamet and 3-4 of its partners for work in their city / town, at a later stage (within a year or two) they can expand support to nearby towns. Guidance onthree aspects, organizational setup, financial systems and social /technical skills continues. Core fund support for 3 of these partner NGOs continues thru OPP-RTI. Hamet’s monthly meeting among partners continues, for review and mutual support.

1) Ufaq Development Organisation (UDO) –Khairpur tamewali: In Khairpur Tamewali, (a town with a population of 35,000) with training, mapping and technical support, NGO UDO continues with the program. In June’09 small core fund support was initiated and continues. Government’s SPBUS trunk sewers have been completed in some areas. Thru guidance and advocacy PHED has initiated provision of sewer mains (27,000 rft.) in Chak 32, costing Rs. 6.6 million. This period (Jun-Aug'11) 8,500 rft.of the sewer was laid, work is being monitored. UDO is providing technical support to communities for laying self help lane sewers. Total 37 lane sewers have been completed (6 this period -17 technically guided by UDO) 250 houses have invested Rs.8,33,786 on lane sewers and latrines. Requested by community members of Basti Md’pur UC- Behli technical support was provided, a secondary, three lane sewers and an EM-STU were completed, by last period. TMA of the nearby town of Hasilpur, guided by UDO, has allocated Rs. 4.5 million for the rectification of trunk sewers and disposals. Work on rectification of disposals has lately begun. Meanwhile map of the city has been completed, documentation is in progress.

2)Society for Health and Environmental Development (SHED) - Yazman: In Yazman (a town with population of 30,000) NGO SHED is being trained and guided. In April 2009 small core fund support was initiated which continues. A social organisor and a technician form the team. Mapping of the town and documentation of infrastructure was earlier completed. Community mobilization for internal development is on going. Total 26 lane sewers have been laid (10 technically guided by SHED), 74 houses have invested Rs. 3,22,820 on latrines and lane sewers. This period 5 lane sewers were laid, for others there is community mobilization. There is advocacy and coordination with the TMA for laying more main sewers, as identified.

3)Research and Awareness for Community Empowerment (RACE) -Jalalpur Pirwala/Lodhran/Kehror Pacca: For Jalalpur Pirwala/ Lodhran/Kehror Pacca (Population 35,000/1,00,000/60,000), the NGO Race is being supported to extend the program. Since Jan’09 small core fund support continues. Team comprises of a social organisor and technician. Total 44 lane sewers were laid on selfhelp (8 this period , 19 technically supervised others mobilized, in area Jallan Arain/Kehror Pucca. 275 houses invested Rs. 1,022,072 on sewers and latrines. For more lanes, community mobilization continues.

Earlier an agreement was signed with the Govt.’s PDSSP for Kehror Pacca town, for provision of technical support to TMA for adopting the component sharing model. Mapping of the town, documentation of infrastructure and a conceptual master plan for sewage disposal was earlier prepared. TMA was mobilized for laying the main sewer serving a major part of the town. Lately laying of the sewer has started on site. Last period in Gahi Mummar work on the sewage disposal system was completed at a cost of Rs. 1.45 million, desilting of some existing lane sewers was ,this period , undertaken by the community on self help.

Map and documentation of the nearby town Dhanot was completed earlier. An amount of Rs. 0.3 million was approved by the TMA for the development of external sewers, coordination for implementation continues. Last period on request, map and plans for the sewerage mains for Gharibabad were prepared and submitted to PHED for allocation of budget. In addition a sewage disposal scheme for Chak 40M (comprising of 1,750 rft. main sewer and disposal unit) was also provided to PHED. Followup advocacy continues for implementation.

4) Sehar Development Organisation (SDO) – Vehari: NGO SDO is being trained by Hamet to initiate work in the town which has population of 1,38,501. For the town committee Karampur, map and documentation of the existing sewage disposal system was completed. Documentation shows that in most areas govt. sewers and drains exists. In the remaining, mobilization for self help sewers is ongoing. In 8 lanes self help sewers 1,376 rft. have been laid, 53 houses have invested Rs. 2,26,935 on sewers and latrines (this period in 3 lanes, sewers were laid, mobilized and technically guided by SDO).

Contact

Khalid Waraich

Address:Basement Abdullah Plaza Near Children Park Tehsil &District Lodhran Phone-0608-362020-362030,Mobile-0333-6420525

Sanghar Welfare Development Support Organistion (SWDSO) - Sanghar – Sindh

Shahpur Chaker Welfare Society (SCWS) initiated the program in June 2003. Core fund support from Water Aid continued. However since April’11 due to the consistant organizational conflicts that brought the work to a standstill, further funding has been stopped. Total work completed has been on 44 lane and 5 secondary sewers, with 542 houses investing Rs. 2,159,935/-.

Since Feb’11 with the project coordinator independently extending work as the “Sanghar Welfare Development Support Organisation”, core fund support was extended. Several visits were made, this period , by OPP-RTI member to guide the work and the organizational setup, while review meetings were also held at OPP-RTI. Work has progressed, community mobilization continues in the nearby town of Khadro. Earlier in a village Masu Kario, self help work was completed on an EM-Sewage Treatment Unit costing Rs. 30,000, a connecting lane sewer, 200 rft. serving 15 houses was completed last period. SWDSO provided technical support and on site supervision. Community mobilization for an EM-STU in village Hamid Dahri continues.

SWDSO’s support to RADO in Sinjhoro and others: Together with OPP-RTI, support to partner RADO in Sinjhoro and to a new partner WWO in Sakrand continues with regular review meetings at OPP-RTI and guidance on site. Details of their work are in the proceeding sections.

Considering the potential for expansion, three aspects are regularly being focused – the financial discipline, the organizational setup (team work) and the strengthening of social and technical skills.

By late Aug’11 (continuing upto Sept) unprecedented rains flooded the district including towns and villages destroying the agricultural fields and displacing the villagers. Some families shifted to their relatives in safer places, others took shelter on embankments and open space in towns. SWDSO has lately initiated mobile medical camps in two areas, supported with medicines by OPP-RTI.

Contact

Sobho Khan

Address:New Colony, Shahpur chakar District Sagar Phone:0235-846765,Mobile-0344-3739165,0301-3635016,0235-846765,0333-2918697 Email:scws_sanghar@yahoo.com

Rural/Urban Area Development Organisation (RADO) – Sinjhoro Sindh:

It is a town, in district Sanghar, having a population of 30,000. Mapping, documentation and level survey of the city UC was earlier completed. A conceptual sewage disposal plan for the UC based on gravity flow was prepared.

For close guidance, regular monthly on site visits have been made by OPP-RTI member together with the coordinator of SWDSO. Small core fund support initiated in April 2008 continues. Earlier work was slow due to organizational conflicts however since Nov’09 work has been reorganized.

Total 20 lane sewers are complete. 136 houses have contributed Rs. 5,91,111 for lane sewers, a secondary and latrines. Technical support and community mobilization continues in more lanes. This period , for three nearby villages mapping and community mobilization was initiated. In Zafar town mobilization is in progress, for a secondary sewer 695 rft. estimated at Rs. 1,16,000 serving 130 houses and 20 lanes. Case study of works completed is regularly undertaken.

With the latest floods of Aug’11, RADO has initiated the setting up of a medical camp for treating the affected families.

Contact

Ghulam Mustufa

Address: Ward No.2, Near Bachal Chowk, Sinjhoro, District Sanghar Mobile-0345-3737102

Initiatives in Khairodero, Shahdadpur and Sakrand in Sindh: (including the village level small EM sewage treatment units)

Ali Hasan Mangi Memorial Trust (AHMMT) - Khairodero: It is working in Khairodero village (in district Larkana) comprising of 300 houses. Earlier youths from the village were trained on mapping/documentation. Detail maps showed that most sewage was being disposed into a big pond near the settlement. OPP-RTI provided technical support for an EM-STU, AHMMT mobilized finances of Rs. 3,20,000 and constructed it by Mar’09. After initial operational cum organizational issues the EM - STU became functional. As needed partner TTRC is now providing the technical guidance. By March’11 the second EM-STU for another portion of the village serving 22 houses was completed costing Rs. 37,200 while the connecting sewer 1,420 rft. was also laid costing Rs. 3,90,800. This EM-STU is also functional.

Contact details are: Naween A. Mangi, 2, Bath Island road, Karachi-75600. Phone: 5866873.

E-mail:mt@ialihasanmangitrust.org

Shadab Rural Development Organisation (SRDO) – Shahdadpur: Is working in villages in Shadadpur on health, education, water supply and micro credit programs. In the villages as sewage is being disposed into ponds, EM-STUs were needed. In June’09 OPP-RTI supported the construction of a demonstration EM-STU costing Rs. 35,000 in partner Shadab’s resource and training centre, in village Md. Sharif Sehto. A second EM-STU constructed for the village school is also functional.

This period the latest floods of Aug’11 devastated the area. SRDO is managing mobile medical camps serving many villages.

Contact details are: Mukhtiar Ali Sehto, Tando Adam Road, Near Shell Petrol Pump, Shahdapur, District Sanghar. Ph: 0300-3353320, 0235-842166, E-mail: shadab_rdo@yahoo.com

Watan Welfare Organisation (WWO) – Sakrand: The town has a population of about 30,000. Since Oct’10 members visited OPP-RTI several times for training and guidance. On site visits were made by OPP-RTI and partner SWDSO. Work has been initiated in the town as well as in 4 nearby villages. Plan/estimates for self help sewers have been provided for 50 lanes in the town. For 3 villages mapping was completed, while in the village “Majeed Kerio” guided by WWO last period, two lane sewers 300 rft. were laid, 5 houses invested Rs. 35,000 on latrines and sewers. Since March’11 small core fund support has been initiated. This period the latest floods of Aug’11 devastated the area. WWO is assisting mobile medical camps serving the flood affected families.

Sindh Mapping Initiative reported separately, till last period, is now a part of the partners work.

Effective Microbe – Sewage Treatment Units (EM-STU’s):

In many places sewage is being disposed into ponds. Small treatment units (STUs) using effective microbe (EM) technology, are being focused for villages. Standard designs serving 10-50 houses and leaflet for extension and demonstrationare being disseminated. Nine EM-STU’s are functional, two in Khairodero village near Larkana, two in Sharif Sehto village in Shahdadpur, one in Sanghar, one at the OPP-RTI office, one in Khairpur Tamewali, one in Jallah Arain and one in a village in Batagram – Mansehra. More are being planned.

Baghwan – Batagram –KP:

The NGO evolved thru the earthquake relief and rehabilitation program, (reported till the 121 QPR). Since July’09 small core fund support has been provided, to main stream the programs of water supply and sanitation. In Nov’09 on site training for mapping and documentation was provided. Mapping and documentation of the completed water supply projects in 50 villages (thru the earthquake projects) and of the existing sewage disposal system in these is being undertaken. Of 38 villages mapping and documentation is complete (two this period ).

Besides the earthquake rehabilitation related villages, requests have been received from more villages for mapping and documentation, as this is considered as an important tool for development. In the villages mapped/documented, besides the water supply distribution being laid on self help, work on self help sewers also exists in a number of lanes. TMA is also requesting Baghwan to provide its village maps for development of roads and other schemes. Communities are using the maps for lobbying for external development. Works supported by mapping are being documented.

For 10 more villages comprising of 5,455 houses finances for external water supply have been mobilized, internal development to be undertaken by the community. Mapping and documentation technical designs/estimates for internal and external works were completed last period. This period in 3 villages works were completed. 492 families have invested Rs. 1.42 million in 7,940 rft. lane lines and two storage tanks, while for the main line (19,000 rft.) plus a storage tank donor funds of Rs. 2.5 million were used . In 4 more villages work is in progress.

Baghwan’s social and technical skills and the organizational setup has been strengthened, the financial system is being streamlined. This period OPP-RTI member visited site, guidance continues for expansion of work. Last period BDO hosted the youth network meeting in Batagram.The event has motivated more community youths and local organizations to initiate similar works. Lately two youths received training on mapping.

Since Nov’10 BDO has also been involved in the relief and now the rehabilitation of the flood affected families in Shangla. Together with OPP-RTI support for shelter (tin sheets for roofing over a room/house) is being provided, for 150 houses work was completed (50 this period, for 50 more houses surveys are under process.

Sungi Development Society (SDS) in Dhirkot – AJK

It is the second organization that evolved thru the earthquake relief/rehabilitation program. OPP-OCT, the micro credit organization, is supporting its credit program with line of credit and training/guidance. By Nov’10 SDS mobilized local resources and provided relief to the flood affected families in Bagh. Together with OPP-RTI it is now providing support for shelter (i.e tin sheets for a room/house), for 150 houses work was completed (50 this period ), for 50 more houses work is under process.

National and Provincial Sanitation Policies

The National Sanitation Policy (NSP) has adopted the model of component sharing (CS) and the lessons learnt. In addition to the ongoing work in cities, towns and villages as already detailed in the preceeding/proceeding sections, effort continues to extend the work. Provincial Govt. agencies, are being mobilized to support the process. The Ministry of Environment (MoE) has prepared its action plan for implementation of the NSP, there is coordination with MoE to facilitate the same.

Sewerage Construction Outside Karachi-Aug'2011